Proper nounSingular 19th century Plural - 19th century
From Wiktionary under the GNU Free Documentation License. The 19th century (1801–1900) was a period in history marked by the collapse of the Spanish, Portuguese, Chinese, Holy Roman and Mughal empires. This paved the way for the growing influence of the British Empire, the German Empire and the United States, spurring military conflicts but also advances in science and exploration. After the defeat of the French Empire and its allies in the Napoleonic Wars, the British Empire became the world's leading power, controlling one quarter of the world's population and one fifth of the total land area. It enforced a Pax Britannica, encouraged trade, and battled rampant piracy. The 19th century was an era of invention and discovery, with significant developments in the fields of mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, electricity, and metallurgy that lay the groundwork for the technological advances of the 20th century. The Industrial Revolution began in Europe. The Victorian era was notorious for the employment of young children in factories and mines. Advances in medicine and the understanding of human anatomy and disease prevention took place in the 1800s, and were partly responsible for rapidly accelerating population growth in the western world. Europe's population doubled during the 19th century, from roughly 200 million to more than 400 million. The introduction of railroads provided the first major advancement in land transportation for centuries, changing the way people lived and obtained goods, and fueling major urbanization movements in countries across the globe. Numerous cities worldwide surpassed populations of a million or more during this century. London was transformed into the world's largest city and capital of the British Empire. Its population expanded from 1 million in 1800 to 6.7 million a century later. The last remaining undiscovered landmasses of Earth, including vast expanses of interior Africa and Asia, were discovered during this century, and with the exception of the extreme zones of the Arctic and Antarctic, accurate and detailed maps of the globe were available by the 1890s. Liberalism became the preeminent reform movement in Europe. Jean-Léon Gérôme, The Slave Market c.1884Slavery was greatly reduced around the world. Following a successful slave revolt in Haiti, Britain forced the Barbary pirates to halt their practice of kidnapping and enslaving Europeans, banned slavery throughout its domain, and charged its navy with ending the global slave trade. Britain abolished slavery in 1834, America's 13th Amendment following their Civil War abolished slavery there in 1865, and in Brazil slavery was abolished in 1888 (see Abolitionism). Similarly, serfdom was abolished in Russia. The 19th century was remarkable in the widespread formation of new settlement foundations which were particularly prevalent across North America and Australasia, with a significant proportion of the two continents' largest cities being founded at some point in the century. In the 19th century approximately 70 million people left Europe. The 1800s also saw the rapid creation, development and codification of many sports, particularly in Britain and the United States. Association football, rugby union, baseball and many other sports were developed during the 19th century, while the British Empire facilitated the rapid spread of sports such as cricket to many different parts of the world. From Wikipedia under the
GNU Free Documentation License  theoldcinema.co.uk The Old Cinema Mon, 26 Jul 2010 07:00:00 GM The Old Cinema - Antique Vintage Retro Late . 19th Century. Mahogany Occasional Table - H: 76cm W: 64cm L: 90cm.  antiquesgalleries.com admin Sun, 25 Jul 2010 09:52:35 GM asahi999 Store Mongolian's . 19th century. thangka painting of Green tara This thangka painting was painted by mineral colors (natural dust color, prepared by old traditional technology) on specially prepared textile in . 19th century. . ...  americanhistory.suite101.com unknown ue, 13 Jul 2010 19:24:14 GM Aunt Tamar Thompson and Aunt Nancy Range tended patients in Erie County Pennsylvania as American medicine turned professional and went to war with itself. From Google Blog Search: "19th Century"
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 toledoblade.com Sat, 24 Jul 2010 10:47:55 GMT+00:00 Toledo Blade Crew members of the American schooner Lynx may act like they're living in the 19th century , but sometimes there's no telling what the ...  laist.com Fri, 23 Jul 2010 23:29:40 GMT+00:00 LAist (blog) And so it became steampunk, the anachronistic steampowered 19th Century HG Wells and Jules Verne inspired style. "There's a lot of 19th century elements in ...  voices.washingtonpost.com Wed, 21 Jul 2010 11:43:21 GMT+00:00 Washington Post (blog) I say the familiar core curriculum in use in America's schools and colleges is a problem-plagued, dysfunctional, 19th Century relic that fits the 21st ... From Google News Search: "19th Century"  elisabethjamesantiques.co.uk 375px x 500px | 63.90kB [source page] From Yahoo Image Search: "19th Century" Who were the powers in Germany during the 19th century? Q. Who was "in charge" of Germany during the late 19th century around 1850-1899? How did the peoples in general feel about them? What major decisions did they have to make? Please include sources. Thanks a lot. Asked by CharismaITL - Sun Nov 11 16:41:04 2007 - - 1 Answers - 0 Comments A. Germany, as a country, did not exist until 1871. Before then, the area that would become Germany consisted of a number of independent states varying in size and power, ranging from kingdoms and grand duchies to principalities, cities and ecclesiastical states. The first half of the nineteenth century, before the American Civil War, was a very turbulent time for this area of Europe.The 1850 s were a period of continued growth for the German states. Prussia continued to grow in power and influence, leaving Austria further behind. The economies of the German states continued to grow and reform continued to occur, though at a slow pace and only from above. As 1860 approached, Prussia continued to eye Schleswig-Holstein and its relationship… [cont.] Answered by Lt Weasel1225 - Sun Nov 11 16:52:03 2007 Why were Jews killed in pogroms during the 19th century? Q. Im doing a history essay on Palestine/Israel and Ive come across in my information the fact that thousands of Russian and Polish Jews were killed in the late 19th Century. Why did this happen? What did the Jews do to be killed in bloody massacres? Please give me as much info as possible as Im unfamiliar with this event. Thanks! Asked by Jay - Fri Oct 23 03:01:39 2009 - - 4 Answers - 0 Comments A. It is a complicated story, so I'll try to abbreviate it. Simply put, there were three reasons for the massacres, and the Jews didn't do anything to cause or deserve them. 1...Religious anti-semitism. The Jews were despised and hated because of their ancestors' involvement in the death of Jesus. Pathetic excuse, I know, but people did think that way once on a time. 2...Simple xenophobia. Jews tend to maintain their community and lifestyle even after centuries spent living in another country. They tend not to marry out of their religion. They do not share food with their gentile neighbours. Ignorant people are terrified of difference, and will from time to time express their fear in violence. 3...Systematic scapegoating. The authorities… [cont.] Answered by Michael B - Fri Oct 23 07:55:26 2009 Was there a different style before Victorian decor earlier in the 19th century?
Q. Or does the term "Victorian" describe the whole 19th century style? Thanks! Asked by hippomaiden - Mon Jun 2 17:54:39 2008 - - 5 Answers - 1 Comments A. Victorian is one of the most abused terms imaginable - - - quite honestly the term should only be used to describe BRITAIN from 1937 to 1901 the years of Victoria's Reign since she was a British Monarch! That the term is applied to American Architecture & Style Etc is actually quite wrong but like many wrongs it is apparently too late to change things. People's minds are set thus houses in San Francisco that were built of a certain style in the late 1890s are dubbed 'Victorian.' That lecture aside - - - in BRITAIN the era is defined by the monarch's name thus from 1800 to 1837 the era is dubbed georgian for Monarchs George the 3rd and 4th with the breif reign of William the 4th from 1830 to 1837 conveniently ignored! In truth in America… [cont.] Answered by JVHawai'i - Mon Jun 2 18:14:55 2008 From Yahoo Answer Search: "19th Century" |
O. Henry Awards
A Princess in Berlin
Davis, Alan
